Method and apparatus for molding.



J. C. OGDEN.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MOLDING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. l?, 191|.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1 figa i. C. OGDEN.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR NIOLDING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 17- z9H.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

IN VEN 'IU/f,

rHb Numels PETERS fw PHOTO L11/10, WASHINGTON. D v

l. C. OGDEN.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MOLDING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR,17,19I1.

Patented A1011., 5, E Q.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3 HE MORRIS PETERS Cov, PHOTO-LITHO., WASHINGTON, D. C

UNFFFD STATES FATFQNT QFFICE.

JOHN C. OGDEN, OF WESTMONT BOROUGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IVIOLDING.

Application led March 17, 1911.

T0 all 107mm t may concern Be it known that l, JOHN C. QGDEN, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of lflestmont, .in the county of Cambria and State of Fennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Methods and Apparatus for Molding; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to the method and apparatus for making sand molds or the like, and more especially to the art of making metal ingot-molds to be used for casting ingots.

An object of my invention is to provide a method and means for making the molds which are simple and etlicient in operation and construction, and wherein the capacity of mold foundry` output is greatly increased.

Another object is to retain the molding material within the flask while allowing a pattern-plunger of tapering form to reciprocate within the flask in order to compress the molding material simultaneously throughout the length of the mold and at the same time force the lug patterns outwardly to form lug molds.

A further object is the manner in which l am enabled to cast in the staples on the sides oi' the casting and also the manner and means of forming the runners or gits.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

Molds for casting steel ingots are usually made of cast iron, although sometimes other material is used. After these molds have been in use for a while the interior of the same becomes burned or rough, so that the ingot sticks, when cast, and has to be forced out of the mold. TWhen this is the case, or when it is cracked or otherwise detective, the mold has to be replaced by a new one.

My invention produces better molds thus conducing to economy and ease of use.

To enable others skilled-in the art to make and use my invention, I will now describe the same more fully, referring, for that purpose, to the accompanying three sheets of drawings which form a part of this specification and in which- Figure 1 is a vertical section of my im- Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

serial No. 615,904.

proved apparatus showing the parts in elevation, with the pattern-plunger in its lowered position. Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section of the flask and the adjoining portions of the apparatus taken on the line lll-Hl of Fig. 4, showing the pattern plunger in its second or intermediate position, the top end of the plunger being substantially Hush with the cover of the flask and the sand or molding material having been poured around the plunger. Figp is a vertical transverse section taken on the same line as Fig. 2, showing the patternplunger at the upper end of its stroke, with the molding material compressed thereby. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section taken on the line VMV of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 .is a vertical longitudinal section of a finishcd mold taken on the line VMV of Fig. 7, showing the same atter the metal has been cast therein. Fig. 6 is a front elevation of one side of the flask. Fig. 7 is a horizontal transverse section taken on the line VII-VII of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 is a vertical section of a finished mold after the metal has been poured therein, this view being taken on the line VH1-VIII of Fig. 7, showing the manner of casting an ingot mold with a partially closed end, by means of a cope. Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the stripper plates and a portion of the floor within which they are adjusted and supported. Fig. 10 is a section taken on the line X-X of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a top plan view of the lug patterns. Fig. l2 is a vertical transverse section taken on the line 'XH-XH of Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is a front elevation of the pattern face of one ot' the staple blocks; and Fig. 14 is a perspective view of one of the staple blocks.

Referring now to the reference numbers on the drawings 1 indicates the foundation which may be built of concrete, masonry or other suitable material, having an opening 2 in its lower portion for the reception of a hydraulic cylinder 3, provided with the ports 4 and 5. A groove or chase 6 at the side of the opening 2, receives pipe connections (not shown) to the ports 4 and 5, through which water or other fluid is supplied and discharged as desired, b v means of a controlling valve. The hydraulic cylinder 3 is suspended from an annular bed casting 7 which rests upon a shelf 8 in -the foundation and is secured in place therein Y plate 14, having a hole in its center, forms ra base for the flask and said plate is firmly secured over the upper end of the chamber 13 by means of the anchor rods 16, which are connected at their lower ends to the tops of the anchor bolts 9 by sleeve nuts as shown, and said plate is supported by the sills 17.

A flask 18 made up of two parts of symmetrical construction, rests upon the plate 14 and is provided with a cover 19 hingedat 20 to a standard 21. The cover 19 has a perforation 22 in its center that registers with, but is smaller than, the hole 15 in the base plate 14 of the flask. At the forward end of the cover 19 ris a locking rod 23 mounted upon the base plate 14, and adapted to pass through a slot in the cover 19 and secure the same by means of a key 24.

In order to more easily swing the cover open, before pouring in the molding material, or for removing the flask, an eye-bolt 25 is secured to the front edge of the cover to which a cable 26 is attached, extending thence over a pulley 27 down to a ring 28 at` the top end of the piston-rod 29. The rod 29 is provided with a piston 30 which is adapted to reciprocate in a small hydraulic cylinder 31 mounted in an opening 32 in the foundation, and provided with means (not shown) for supplying rfluid thereto, and ldischarging same therefrom, thereby operating the piston as desired. This small hydraulic cylinder 31 has the usual stufling box and gland and has a flange 33 around its upper edge with perforations therein, through which the anchor bolts 34 are secured, the lower ends of which are embedded in the foundation as shown.

In order to enable me to cast the ends of the lifting staple 35 into the mold casting, I provide hand holes 36 in each half of the flask 18. A short neck 37 extends outwardly from these hand holes and a flange projects around the outer edge of the same as at 38. A box-shaped member 39 lits within said hand-holes 36 having its inner side approximately flush with the inside of the flask, and a flange 40 extends around its outer edge, which registers with the flange 38 and is clamped thereto by means of the horse-` shoe clamps 41, or by bolts, or in any other suitable manner.

My stripper plates 42 are made in sections as shown to prevent the sand or molding material from escaping around thepatternplunger.` These stripper plates rest and slide in a correspondingly shaped annularV recess 43 in the flask floor platey14, and have lugs 44 projecting from their lower sides, which are adapted to move in the guideways 45 in the flask vfloor plate.

The flask 18 has an offset on eachhalf, so that when the two sections of the flask are secured together a side channel is'p'rovided, in which I form the geat of the mold.

The numeral 46 indicates the geat which is made by meansof a former. This former consists of a pear-shaped head 48 beveled around its lower edge and thereby adapted' to be seated in the opening 49'of the base plate 14 and pass up through the notch 50 in one of the stripper plates 42. This former 48 is mounted on the rod 47, the upper end of which latter is formed into an eye 51 through which any suitable means may be attached when it is desired to" draw the former through the molding material for the purpose of'forming the geat 46. An opening 52is provided in the cover of the flask, through which the rod 47 is Vdrawn as de?l sired. f

53 indicates'my lug patterns which are placed near the top of the flask, as shown in Fig. 2, and as the pattern-plunger is raised, the lugs are forced outwardly as indicated in Fig. 3. l

After the mold is formed, the flask, with the contained mold, is raised from the base plate 14 and placed upon the casting base 54 as shown in Figs. 5 and 8. A core 55 having its molding surface composed of baked core sand containing binders, orV composed of other suitable material, is placed within the center of the flask resting on thel base casting. Staple blocks 56 having annular recesses 57 to form bosses on the casting around the staple ends,are alsoicomposed of baked core sand, or other material,

and these are placed in the hand holes 36 while the plate 58 retains them in position.

If it is desired to make a moldcastingwithY a closed, or partly closed end, a' cope 59 may be placed on top of the flask, as shown in Fig. 8.

The operation of my method and apparatus is as follows Assuming that the apparatus is in the position shown in Fig. 1, the pattern-plunger is then raised until its top is substantially flush with the flask cover 19; the key 24 isy then removed from the locking-rod 23 and the flask cover is swung upwardly by means of the cable 26 and the small hydraulic cylinder 31, until it reaches a vertical position, as shown by the dotted lines. The space between the flask 18 and the pattern-plunger 12 and around the rod 47 is then filled` with sand or other Vmolding material about up to the, level of the lower part of the lug patterns which are then placed by. bandi @neither Side, of. the.; par

tern-plunger, near the top of the flask; the filling of the flask with molding material is then completed and the flask cover is then lowered to the position shown in Fig. 2. The pattern-plunger is then further raised by means of the hydraulic cylinder 3 until the piston 10 reaches the upper end of its stroke, and owing to the tapered form of the pattern-plunger, (the lower portion having the greatest cross sectional area), the sand or molding material between the patternplunger and the walls of the flask is laterally compressed into the form as shown in Figs. 3 and 4 and at the same time the lug patterns are laterally forced into the molding material, while the flask cover holds them from moving upward. I now pull out the geat former 48 which can be readily done, as the molding material will not have become so thoroughly compressed in this offset channel portion as at other points within the flask, although it has been partially compressed by placing it around the rod 47, and further slightly compressed by the movement of the pattern-plunger 12. This withdrawal of the former 48 makes a smooth surfaced passage or geat by laterally compressing the molding material. The pattern-plunger is now withdrawn downwardly and the lug patterns are taken out. The box-shaped members 39 which fit within the hand holes 36 are taken off and the molding material cut out to register with the sides of the hand holes. After this, the flask cover is again raised, the flask with its contained molds is removed and the geat connected with the inside of the mold as at 60 which designates a sprue. A base plate 54, having its upper portion protected with molding material, now receives a core 55, placed upon its center, then the flask with its mold is raised and seated upon the base plate 54 surrounding the core, leaving a space between the two for the mold casting. The staple blocks 56 are now placed in the hand holes 36 with the ends of the staples extending into the space between the outside of the mold and the core, and a plate is clamped over the face of the hand hole for retaining the blocks in place while pouring. rlhe mold is now completed and is ready for pouring. When pouring, if desired, a refractory-lined funnel may be used as shown at 61, in which case, the metal, when poured into it, will flow down through the passage or geat 46 and thence rise in the mold until it reaches the top of the same, thereby forming the mold casting as indicated by the numeral 62. As the metal shrinks or contracts while cooling, after the mold has been filled, I pour a small quantity of metal around the top of the mold casting to compensate for the shrinkage.

I may wish to form a mold casting with a closed, or partly closed top, as shown at 63 in Fig. 8, in which case I add a cope to the top of the flask, while otherwise the operation is the same.

Although I have shown and described my improvements in considerable detail, I do not wish to be limited to the exact and specific details shown and described, but may use such substitutions, modifications or equivalents thereof, as are embraced within the scope of my invention, or as pointed out in the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. The method of forming molds, which consists in placing molding material within a flask around the smaller end of a tapered pattern-plunger, then inserting further patterns around and in contact with the said pattern-plunger, and then moving said pattern-plunger longitudinally, thereby simultaneously compacting the molding material.

2. The method of forming molds, which consists in placing molding material within a flask around the smaller end of a tapered pattern-plunger, then inserting lug patterns around and in contact with said plunger, then simultaneously compressing the molding material throughout its length by moving said plunger longitudinally, then forming a geat in the molding material and then withdrawing the pattern-plunger from the mold.

3. The method of forming molds, which consists in placing molding material within a flask around the smaller end of a tapered pattern-plunger, then inserting lug patterns around and in contact with said plunger, then simultaneously compressing the molding material throughout its length by moving said plunger longitudinally, then forming a geat in the molding material by pulling a pear-shaped former therethrough, then withdrawing the pattern-plunger from the mold and setting inserts in the sides of the mold.

4. The method of forming molds, which consists in placing molding material within a flask around the smaller end of a tapering pattern-plunger, inserting lug patterns in contact with the said tapering patternplunger, simultaneously compressing the molding material throughout its length by moving said plunger longitudinally, forming a geat in the molding material, withdrawing the tapering pattern-plunger from the mold, connecting the geat with the mold and setting inserts in the sides of the molds.

5. rlhe method of forming molds, which consists in placing molding material within a flask around the smaller end of a tapering pattern-plunger, inserting lug patterns in contact with the said tapering patternplunger, simultaneously compressing the molding material throughout its length by the longitudinal movement of said plunger, forming a geat in the molding material, withdrawing the tapering pattern-plunger from the mold, connecting the geat with the mold, setting inserts in the sides of the molds and then placing the mold thus formed upon a casting base having a central core.

6. They method offorming molds, which consists in placing molding material within a flask around the smaller end of a tapering pattern-plunger, inserting lug patterns in contact with the said tapering patternplunger, simultaneously compressing the moldingv material'throughout its length by the longitudinal movement of said plunger, forming a geat. Yin the molding material, withdrawing the tapering pattern-plunger from the mold, connecting the geat with the mold, setting inserts in the sides of the molds, seating the mold thus formed upon a casting base having a central core, and placingk a cope over the top of the mold.

7. The method of forming geats or runners for molds, which consists in placing molding material around` a rod or core, provided with a tapered head or enlargement, then slightly compressing the molding material, and then drawing said head through the molding material by means of said rod, thereby further compressing said material and forming the geat. v

8. The method of forming geats or runners for molds, which consists in placing molding material around a rod or core, provided with a tapered head or enlargement, then slightly compressing the molding material, and then drawing said head through the molding material by means of said rod, thereby further compressing said material andforming the geat, and then connecting p said geat with the interior of said mold.

9. In a molding machine, comprising a flask, a tapered pattern-plunger extending therein, molding material within the flask and surrounding the said tapered plunger, a secondary pattern placed within the flask and in contact with the said pattern-plunger,

1.1. In a molding machine, a. flask seated` advancing the tapered pattern to laterally compress all the said molding material simultaneously, and astripper for preventing the molding material from escaping around the tapered pattern.

18. In a molding machine, a flask seatedV on a base plate and having a movable cover,

a reciprocable tapered pattern-plunger adapted to work within the flask, molding material surrounding said plunger, sectional stripper plates in approximate contact with Y the pattern .for retaining the molding material, and lugs on the stripper plates working in guideways in the base plate.

14. In a molding machine, a flask seat-ed on a'base plate and having a movablecover, a reciprocable pattern-plunger within the` flask, molding material surrounding said pattern-plunger, a stripper composed of'a plurality of plates encircling the pattern for retaining'the molding material and lugs on the stripper plates working in guideways on the base plate.

15. In a molding machine, a flask having a cover yand'basev plate with openings therein, a tapered pattern-plunger therein. surrounded with molding material and adapted. to reciprocate within the flask and thereby laterally compact all said molding material, an offset channel in the` side of the flask and a former for constructing a geat or runner in Y the molding material within the offset channel portion, after the said molding material has been slightly compressed in said offsetV channel.

16. In a molding machine, comprising a fiask having a hinged cover and base plate with openings therein, a tapered patternplunger therein, surrounded with molding material and adapted to reciprocate within the flask, an offset channel in the side of the flask and a former consisting of a rod having an elongated tapered head for constructing a runner in the molding material within the oliset channel portion.

17. In a molding machine, a flask, a mold contained therein, an offset channel in the side of said flask, and a former consisting of a rod having a pear-shaped head for constructing a runner in .the molding material within the offset channelportiomfafter the.

said molding material has been slightly compressed in said oilset channel.

1S. In a molding machine, a flask, a mold contained therein, an offset channel in the side of said flask, a former consisting of a rod having a substantially pear-shaped head and normally seated in an opening in the iiask base, molding material surrounding said rod, and means for drawing said rod and its attached head through said molding material, after the said molding material has been slightly compressed in said oset channel., whereby a geat or runner is formed therein.

19. n a molding machine, a flask, a mold contained therein, an offset channel in the side of said flask, a former consisting of a rod, Within said offset channel, having a substantially pear-shaped head normally seated in an opening in the iask base and adapted to be drawn through the molding material surrounding the same, after the said molding material has been slightly compressed in said oiset channel, to form a runner for the mold.

20. In a molding machine, a flask, a

tapered pattern-plunger therein, molding material. Within the fiask and surrounding said pattern-plungen, means for operating the plunger to simultaneously compress the molding material throughout the length of the iiask, movable lug patterns placed on either side of the pattern and staple blocks inserted through hand holes in the flask and cutaway portions of the mold.

:21. In a machine for making molds and cores for ingot molds, a pattern, a flask arranged in line therewith, means for retaining a body of mold forming material in the flask and means for advancing the pattern longitudinally into the iiask to Shape and compress the mold forming material therein, in combination with means for forming shoulder' cavities in the formed mold to produce lifting lugs on the ingot mold when cast.

In testimony whereof hereto afliX my signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

JOHN C. OGDEN. 7Witnesses ELMER SEAVEY, ROBERT A. BEERs.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

